Effect of intermaxillary tooth-size discrepancy on accuracy of prediction equations for mixed dentition space analysis for Davangere population

Context: In the mixed dentition period, malocclusion is in dormant stage, any interception should be preceded by a mixed dentition space analysis. Aims: To derive new regression equation in sample subjects (indigenous group) with no intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy (Bolton's ratio) residing in Davangere and to evaluate its accuracy. To assess the difference of tooth dimensions between males and females and difference between right and left of dental arches. Setting and Design: Descriptive study. Subjects and Methods: One hundred and fifty children (11–15 years) were included and dental casts were made. A digital Vernier caliper was used for the measurement of teeth. Bolton's ratio was calculated. Group A: Casts without Bolton's discrepancy and Group B: Casts with Bolton's discrepancy. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed with the SPSS software version 22.0. New regression equations were derived using correlation and regression analysis. Results: No statistically significant difference was recorded between the actual and predicted mesiodistal widths (MDWs) of permanent canine and premolars in maxilla and mandible, with/without Bolton's discrepancy. Males had statistically significant higher mean in maxillary and mandibular canine dimensions than female and no statistically significant difference between right and left side of dental arches was found. Conclusion: New regression equation was formulated for Davangere population, in which actual and predicted widths of permanent canines and premolars were found to be almost similar when established from sample with/without Bolton's discrepancy. In MDWs, the canine showed significant sexual dimorphism and no clinically significant variations were seen in the right and left sides of both the arches.

Evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and awareness in prevention of dental caries amongst paediatricians.

Background: Early assessment of the oral health status of children has the potential to reduce or even eliminate oral diseases. Paediatricians are considered a perfect and reliable source for oral health control and prevention. In dentistry, clinical practice is directed towards attitudes that promote oral health and the paediatricians occupy a privileged position in this process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and awareness of paediatricians in the prevention of dental caries in 3 district quarters, India. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among 123 registered paediatricians in Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) Karnataka directory and digest 2011-2013, Karnataka society. Out of which, 42 did not participate as their email address were not available. 29 sets of questions were mailed to all 81 paediatricians. Results: The response rate of the survey was 90% (70 out of 81), a total of 59% felt that the frequency of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in their O.P.D was at least once a week. 51% responded that bacteria causing dental caries cannot be transmitted between mother and child. 53% felt that 1 year would be ideal for first dental visit. 64% of pediatricians were not aware that fluoride dentifrices and dental sealants will prevent dental caries. Conclusions: In general, pediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes and awareness regarding oral health and prevention of dental caries was not satisfactory. It is essential to develop oral health information programs to pediatricians.

Eruption cyst: A literature review and four case reports.

Eruption cyst is a benign cyst associated with a primary or permanent tooth in its soft tissue phase after erupting through the bone. It is most prevalent in the Caucasian race. Intraoral examination of four patients revealed eruption cyst. Among these, in three patients it occurred in the maxillary arch and one had it in the mandibular arch. All were associated with permanent tooth. Surgical treatment was done in three cases and in one case the cyst disappeared gradually and tooth erupted in normal pattern. Four cases of eruption cyst from India are presented and literature on this condition is reviewed. It is clinically significant in that knowledge among general dentists is very essential regarding this developmental disturbance to reach the correct diagnosis and to provide proper treatment.

Multiple impactions in non-syndromic patient: a case report

Man is blessed with twenty primary teeth that are replaced by thirty two numbers of permanent teeth for his whole life. Teeth which exceed the normal number are termed as supernumerary teeth. Multiple supernumerary teeth are rarely seen. Retention of teeth or impaction is one of the most common developmental dental defects seen among the eruption disorders. However, impaction of multiple teeth is an uncommon finding unless associated with some syndromes or systemic disorders. The present article reports a case of non-syndromic patient having 15 erupted permanent teeth, 10 retained primary teeth, 13 impacted permanent and 11 impacted supernumerary teeth.

Inflammatory dentigerous cyst associated with an endodontically treated primary second molar: a case report

Primary teeth with periapical inflammation induced by dental caries are treated through pulp therapy. Thus in pediatric dentistry, pulpectomy is considered the most common and successful treatment procedure for primary teeth with periapical inflammation. Dentigerous cyst is an epithelial lined cavity that develops from the reduced enamel epithelium related to the crown of an unerupted tooth. This report describes a case of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst associated with an endodontically treated primary second molar in a 12-year-old female patient with mixed dentition. The relation between endodontic treatment and development of dentigerous cyst is discussed.

Non-syndromic oligodontia – Report of a clinical case with 14 missing teeth.

Oligodontia (severe partial anodontia) is a rare developmental dental anomaly refers to congenital lack of more than six teeth. Most often oligodontia appears as part of some congenital syndromes that affects several organ systems. The exact etiology for oligodontia is unknown. Management includes various restorative and orthodontic procedures to improve the esthetics and function. The present article reports a case of oligodontia of 14 number of permanent teeth excluding third molars in a non-syndromic female patient.

Concomitant occurrence of canine transmigration and symmetrical agenesis of incisors – A case report.

Transmigration of mandibular canine is an unusual phenomenon characterized by movement of the impacted canine crossing the mandibular midline. Mandibular canine are rarely found impacted in a horizontal position in the mandible. Most of the time, this entity occurred as an isolated finding. However there are reports showing association of dentigerous cyst and a hyperdontia. The purpose of this report is to present a case of transmigrated canine associated with agenesis of mandibular both central incisors which is not reported previously.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome: Report of two cases in the same family.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is a very rare syndrome of autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis and early onset of a severe destructive periodontitis, leading to premature loss of both primary and permanent dentitions. Various etiopathogenic factors are associated with the syndrome but a recent report has suggested that the condition is linked to mutations of the cathepsin C gene. Two cases of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome in the same family, having all of the characteristic features, are presented. An 11-year-old girl and a 9-year-old boy presented with the complaints of loose teeth. Both expressed hyperkeratosis of palms, soles, and knees. Severe generalized periodontal destruction, with mobility of teeth, was evident on intraoral examination; orthopantomograph examination showed severe generalized loss of alveolar bone in both the patients.

Knowledge and attitude of 2,000 parents (urban and rural - 1,000 each) with regard to avulsed permanent incisors and their emergency management, in and around Davangere.

It is well recognized today that for long-term success, the management of traumatized teeth optimally should be carried out as soon as possible. Since, majority of traumatic injuries occur at home, the ultimate prognosis of an avulsed tooth may depend on knowledge of the treatment procedure, possessed by his or her parents. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the parental knowledge and attitude regarding the emergency management of avulsed teeth in children (in Davangere--both urban and rural, 1,000 each).